Chronology of Important Events in Indian History
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In this article, we are providing you with chronology in Indian History in a tabular form. Here you can check major events in Indian history as it is a very important topic and direct questions have been asked from this in PCS exams.
Chronology of Important Events in Indian History
Ancient India
Year | Event | Importance |
2 Million BC to 10,00 BC 2 Million BC to 50,000 BC 50,000 BC to 40,000 BC 40,000 BC to 10,000 BC | Palaeolithic Period Lower Palaeolithic Middle Palaeolithic Upper Palaeolithic | Fire was discovered Tools made of limestones were used. They are found in Chotanagpur plateau and Kurnool district
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From 10,000 BC | The Mesolithic Age | Hunters and Herders Microlith tools were used
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7000 BC | The Neolithic age | Food producers Use of polished tools |
Pre-Harappan Phase – 3000 BC | Chalcolithic Age | Use of Copper – first metal |
2500 BC | Harappan Phase | Bronze age civilization, development of Urban culture |
1500 BC-1000 BC | Early Vedic period | Rig Veda period
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1000BC-500BC | Later Vedic period | Growth of 2nd Urban phase with the establishment of Mahajanapadhas |
600 BC – 325 BC | Mahajanapadhas | 16 kingdoms with certain republics established |
544 BC – 412 BC | Haryanka Dynasty | Bimbisara, Ajatshatru and Udayin |
412 BC – 342 BC | Shisunga Dynasty | Shisunga and Kalashoka |
344BC – 323 BC | Nanda Dynasty | Mahapadmananda
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563 BC | Birth of Gautama Buddha | Buddhism established |
540 BC | Birth of Mahavira | 24th Tirthankara of Jainism |
518 BC | Persian Invasion | Darius
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483 BC | 1st Buddhist council | Rajgir |
383 BC | 2nd Buddhist Council | Vaishali |
326 BC | Macedonian Invasion | Direct contact between Greek and India |
250 BC | 3rd Buddhist council | Pataliputra |
322 BC – 185 BC 322 BC – 298 BC 298 BC – 273 BC 273 BC – 232 BC 232 BC – 185 BC | Mauryan Period Chandragupta Maurya Bindusara Ashoka Later Mauryans | The political unification of India, Dhamma policy of Ashoka, the growth of art and architecture |
185 BC – 73 BC | Sunga Dynasty | Pushyamitra Sunga |
73 BC – 28 BC | Kanva dynasty | Vasudeva founded the dynasty |
60 BC – 225 AD | Sathavahana dynasty | Capital at Paithan, MH
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2nd BC | Indo-Greeks | Menander(165-145AD) |
1st BC – 4th AD | The Shakas | Rudradaman (130 AD – 150 AD) |
1st BC – 1st AD | The Parthians | St Thomas arrived in India during the reign of Gondophernes |
1st AD -4th AD | The Kushans | Kanishka (78 AD – 101 AD) |
72 AD | 4th Buddhist Council | Kashmir |
3rd BC – 3rd AD | Sangam age | Convene of Sangam Commune, Rule of Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas |
319 AD – 540 AD 319 – 334 AD 335 – 380 AD 380 – 414 AD 415 – 455 AD 455 – 467 AD | The Gupta Age Chandragupta I Samudragupta Chandragupta II Kumaragupta Skandagupta | 319 AD – Gupta Age The golden age of India Development of numerous art and literature. Nagara style of Temple Building |
550 AD – 647 AD | Vardhana Dynasty | Harsha (606-647 AD) Kannauj assembly and Prayag assembly held Huan-Tsang visited Harsha’s assembly |
543 – 755 AD | Chalukyas of Vatapi | Development of Vesera style |
575 - 897 AD | Pallavas of Kanchi | Structural temples in Dravida style started to develop |
Medieval India
Early Medieval Period (650 – 1206 AD)
Year | Event | Importance |
750 – 1150 AD | Rule of the Palas | Capital at Munger, Bihar |
752 – 973 AD | The Rasthrakutas | Capital at Malkhed |
730 – 1036 AD | The Pratiharas | Ruled western India |
712 AD | First Muslim Invasion | Mahmud Bin Qasim invaded India |
850 – 1279 AD | The Cholas | Capital at Tanjore, epitome moment for Dravidian Architecture |
998 – 1030 AD | First Turk invasion | Mahmud of Ghazni |
1175 – 1206 AD | Second Turk invasion | Mahmud of Ghori |
1178 – 1192 AD | Prithviraj Chauhan | The first battle of Tarain in 1191 between Prithviraj and Mahmud of Ghori 1192, Second battle of Tarain |
The Sultanate Period (1206 – 1526 AD)
The Slave Dynasty | ||
Year | Event | Importance |
1206 – 1210 AD | Qutbuddin Aibak | Known as Lal Bakhsh, began the construction of Qutb Minar |
1211 – 1236 AD | Shamsuddin Iltumish | The real founder of Delhi sultanate |
1236 – 1240 AD | Razia Sultana | First and only Muslim lady who ever ruled India |
1240 – 1266 AD | Weak successors |
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1266 – 1287 AD | Ghiyasuddin Balban | Established Diwan-i-Arz |
The Khalji Dynasty | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1290 – 1296 AD | Jalaluddin Khalji | Founder of Khalji dynasty |
1296 – 1316 AD | Allaudin Khalji | Did many administrative reforms, introduced the Dagh and Chehra system |
The Tuglaq dynasty | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1320 – 1325 AD | Ghiyasuddin Tuglaq | Founder |
1325 – 1351 AD | Mohammed-Bin-Tuglaq | Introduction of administrative reforms and certain ambitious projects |
1351 – 1388 AD | Firoz Shah Tuglaq | Built great cities |
1398 – 1399 AD | Taimur Invasion | Taimur, the descendant of Chengiz Khan, invaded during the reign of Muhammad Shah Tuglaq |
The Sayyid dynasty 1414 – 1451 AD
The Lodhi Dynasty (1451 – 1526 AD) | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1451 – 1488 AD | Bahlol Lodhi | Founder of Lodhi dynasty |
1489 – 1517 AD | Sikander Lodhi | Founded the city of Agra |
1517 – 1526 AD | Ibrahim Lodhi | Babur defeated Lodhi in the first battle of Panipat |
Vijaynagar and Bahmani Kingdoms
Vijaynagar Kingdom | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1336 – 1485 AD | Sangama Dynasty | Founded by Harihara and Bukka |
1485 – 1505 AD | Saluva Dynasty | Saluva Narasimha |
1505 – 1570 AD | Tuluva Dynasty | Veer Narashima |
1509 – 1529 AD | Krishna Deva Raya | A gifted Scholar, contemporary of Babur |
1570 – 1650 AD | Aravidu Dynasty | Founded by Tirumala |
Bahmani Kingdom | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1347 – 1358 AD | Alaudin Hasan Bahman Shah | Founded the Bahmani Kingdom at Gulbarga |
1397 – 1422 AD | Tajuddin Firoz Shah |
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1422 – 1435 AD | Ahmad Shah Wali |
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Mughal Empire
Yera | Event | Importance |
1526 – 1530 AD | Babur | Founder of Mughal empire after the 1st Battle of Panipat |
1530 – 1540 AD 1555 – 1556 AD | Humayun | He was defeated by Sher Shah |
1540 – 1555 AD | Sur Empire | Sher Shah defeated Humayun and ruled from 1540-45 AD |
1556 | 2nd Battle of Panipat | Akbar Vs. Hemu |
1556 – 1605 AD | Akbar | Established Din-i-illahi, expanded Mughal empire |
1605 – 1627 AD | Jehangir | Captain William Hawkins and Sir Thomas Roe visited the Mughal court |
1628 -1658 AD | Shahjahan | The pinnacle of Mughal empire and art and architecture |
1658 – 1707 AD | Aurangazeb | Beginning of the decline of Mughal empire |
1707 – 1857 AD | Later Mughals | Decline and disintegration of Mughal empire with gaining strength of the British |
Maratha State and Maratha Confederacy
Maratha state 1674 – 1720 AD | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1674 – 1680 AD | Shivaji | Contemporary of Aurangazeb and the biggest challenge for the Mughals in Deccan |
1680 – 1689 AD | Sambhaji |
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1689 – 1700 AD | Rajaram |
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1700 – 1707 AD | Tarabai |
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1707 – 1749 AD | Shahu | The rise of Peshwas |
1713 – 1720 AD | Balaji Vishwanath | The first Peshwa |
Maratha Confederacy 1720 – 1818 AD
Year | Event | Importance |
1720 – 1740 AD | Baji Rao I |
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1740 – 1761 AD | Balaji Baji Rao |
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1761 AD | The third battle of Panipat | The defeat of Marathas by Ahmad Shah Abdali |
1761 – 1818 AD | Later successors |
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Anglo Maratha Wars
Year | Event | Importance |
1775 – 1782 AD | 1st Anglo Maratha War | British were defeated |
1803 – 1806 AD | 2nd War | Marathas were defeated and they signed the Subsidiary Alliance |
1817 – 1818 AD | 3rd War | Marathas were decisively defeated |
Modern India
Bengal | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1717 – 1727 AD | Murshid Quli Khan | Capital of Bengal transferred to Murshidabad |
1727 – 1739 AD | Shujauddin |
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1739 – 1740 AD | Sarfaraj khan |
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1740 – 1756 AD | Alivardi Khan |
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1756 – 1757 AD | Sirajuddaulah | Battle of Plassey |
1757 – 1760 AD | Mir Jafar |
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1760 – 1764 AD | Mir Qasim | Battle of Buxar |
Mysore | ||
Year | Events | Importance |
1761 – 1782 AD | Haider Ali | Establishment of Modern Mysore state |
1766 – 1769 AD | 1st Anglo – Mysore war | Haider Ali defeated the British |
1780 – 1784 AD | 2nd Anglo – Mysore war | Haider Ali was defeated by Sir Eyrecoot |
1782 – 1799 AD | Tippu Sultan | Continued the 2nd war |
1790 – 1792 AD | 3rd Anglo – Mysore war | Tipu ceded half of his territory |
1799 | 4th Anglo – Mysore war | Tipu sultan died |
Punjab | ||
1792 – 1839 AD | Maharaja Ranjit Singh | Founder of Sikh rule |
1845 – 1846 AD | 1st Anglo – Sikh war | Sikhs were defeated |
1848 – 1849 AD | 2nd Anglo – Sikh war | Dalhousie annexed Punjab |
The advent of Europeans in India
Year | Company | |
1498 | Portuguese East India company | Headquarters at Cochin and Goa |
1600 | English East India company | Madras, Calcutta and Bombay |
1602 | Dutch East India company | Pulicat, Nagapattinam |
1616 | Danish East India company | Serampore |
1664 | French East India company | Pondicherry |
Carnatic wars
1746-48 | 1st Anglo-French war | Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle |
1749-54 | 2nd Anglo-French war | Treaty of Pondicherry |
1758-63 | 3rd Anglo-French war | Treaty of Paris |
Freedom Struggle
Year | Event | |
1857 | The First war of Indian independence | Revolt due to socio-religious and economic causes |
1885 | Formation of Indian National Congress | A.O. Hume |
1885 – 1905 | Moderate phase | Dominated by Dadabai Naoroji, Surendranath Banerjea |
1905 – 1917 | Extremists Phase | Dominated by Lal-Bal-Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh |
1905 | Bengal Partition | Curzon announced the partition |
1905 – 1908 | Swadeshi movement | Boycott of foreign products |
1906 | Muslim league formation |
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1906 | Calcutta Session of INC | Swaraj as the goal |
1907 | Surat split | Question on extending the movement to the rest of India |
1909 | Morley – Minto reforms | The separate electorate for Muslims |
1915 – 1916 | Home rule movement | BG Tilak and Annie Besant |
1916 | Lucknow Pact | The pact between Congress and League |
1916 | Lucknow session | Extremists admitted in Congress |
Gandhian Era
Early life | ||
1893 – 1914 | Gandhi in South Africa | Foundation of Natal Indian Congress, Sathyagraha and CDM against British excesses |
1915 – 1948 | Gandhi in India |
|
1915 | Arrived in Bombay. First two years to tour India and not to participate in any political movement |
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1917 | Champaran Campaign | Against the Indigo cultivators |
1918 | Ahmedabad | First hunger strike |
1918 | Kheda | First non-cooperation movement |
1919 | Rowlatt Sathyagraha | Against the Rowlatt act and Jallianwala massacre |
1920-22 | Non-cooperation and Khilafat movement |
|
1924 | Belgaum session | Gandhi elected as Congress president |
1930 -34 | Civil disobedience movement | Dandi March Gandhi – Irwin Pact 2nd Roundtable conference Resuming the Civil disobedience movement |
1940-41 | Individual satyagraha |
|
1942 | Quit India movement | Do or die |
Important Events during this period
Year | Event | |
1919 | Rowlatt act | Gandhi gave a call for Rowlatt satyagraha |
1919 | Jallianwala Massacre |
|
1920-22 | Khilafat and Non-cooperation movement | Hindu Muslim unity |
1922 | Chauri Chaura incident | Gandhi called off NCM |
1923 | Congress Khilafat Swaraj Party | Enter legislative councils |
1927 | Simon commission | All white commission to review the 1919 act |
1928 | Nehru committee report | To determine the principles of the constitution |
1929 | Jinnah’s 14 points |
|
1929 | Lahore session | Purna Swaraj |
1930 | Civil disobedience movement | Dandi March |
1931 | Gandhi Irwin Pact | To ask Gandhi participate in the 2nd RTC |
1931 | 2nd RTC held in London |
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1932 | Communal award |
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1932 | Poona Pact |
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1935 | Government of India act | Provisional autonomy |
1937 | 18 months rule of Congress begins |
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1939-45 | World War II begins |
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1939 | Congress ministries resign |
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1940 | August offer | Linlithgow proposed to seek India’s cooperation in the World War |
1941 | Individual Satyagraha |
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1942 | Cripps mission |
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1942 | Quit India movement |
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1943 | Gandhi’s 21 days fast |
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1944 | C R Formula |
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1945 | Wavell Plan and Shimla Conference |
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1945 | INA Trails |
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1946 | RIN Ratings Mutiny |
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1946 | Cabinet mission plan |
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1946 | Formation of Interim government |
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1946 | Formation of the constituent assembly |
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1947 | Atlee’s announcement |
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1947 | Mountbatten Plan |
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1947 | Indian independence act, 1947 |
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