Indian River Systems

Geography covers a good number of questions making it an important topic to cover in SSC Exams. Around 5-8 questions ask from Geography which surely makes it important for you to study the topic well for upcoming SSC and Other Competitive Exams. Here are Study Notes on  "Short Notes on All the Important Rivers"  which you should not ignore.

Geography covers a good number of questions making it an important topic to cover in SSC Exams. Around 5-8 questions ask from Geography which surely makes it important for you to study the topic well for upcoming SSC and Other Competitive Exams. Here are Study Notes on  "Short Notes on All the Important Rivers"  which you should not ignore.

River

River is the biggest source of water. Rivers provide us water to drink, irrigation, electricity, cook, clean things and easy & cheap transportation.  It is also a source of fresh water that flowing naturally towards an ocean, lake, sea or another river. Rivers flow in channels. The bottom of channel is called the bed and sides of the channel are called the banks. Sometimes a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water.

Rivers begin at their source in higher ground such as mountains or hills, where rain water or melting snow collects and forms tiny streams. When one stream meets another and they merge together, the smaller steam is known as a tributary. It takes many tributary streams to form a river.

As a river flows, it carries along material or debris, called its load. A river’s load includes rocks, stones and other large particles, which are washed along the river bed.  Finer particles float in the water. A river grows larger as it collects water from more tributaries along its course. The river ends at a mouth. In larger rivers there is often also a wider floodplain shaped by flood waters over-topping the channel. Floodplains may be very wide in relation to the size of the river channel.

List of Important Indian River Systems- Rivers and their Origin

Most of the rivers discharge their waters into the Bay of Bengal. Some of the rivers flow through the western part of the country and merge into the Arabian Sea. The northern parts of the Aravalli range, some parts of Ladakh, and arid regions of the Thar Desert have inland drainage. All major rivers of India originate from one of the three main watersheds-

  • The Himalaya and the Karakoram range
  • The Chota Nagpur plateau and Vindhya and Satpura range
  • The Western Ghats

The important rivers of India are Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra, Indus, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada and Tapti.

List of Major Indian River Systems 

Indian River Systems
River SystemTotal lengthLength in  India
Indus River System3180  km1114 km
Brahmaputra River System2900 km916 km
Ganga River System2510 km2510 km
Yamuna river System1376 km1376 km
Narmada River System1312 km1312 km
Tapi River System724 km724 km
Godavari River System1465 km1465 km
Krishna River System1400 km1400 km
Cauvery River System805 km805 km
Mahanadi River System851 km851 km

Important Indian Rivers and Their Details

Ganga: Ganga is the most holy river according to Hindu. It has started from the Gangotri in the Himalayas and poured into the Bay of Bengal by travelling of around 2525 km. It is ranked 3rd largest river in the world. There are a number of cities had been developed across the banks of Ganga like Pataliputra, Kashi, Allahabad, Varanasi, Kolkata etc. It had also created the World’s largest delta in West Bengal named as Sundarban delta.

Yamuna: Yamuna River had originated from Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas, then travels across several states and merged into the Ganga at Triveni, Allahabad. Its total length is 1376 km. Yamuna River’s water contributed nearly 70% of Delhi’s water supply. The Taj Mahal is situated on the banks of Yamuna River.

Brahmaputra: Brahmaputra River is originated from Angsi Glacier, the northen Himalayas in Tibet, then entered into the Arunachal Pradesh to Assam and then merges with the Padma river in Bangladesh. Its length is around 2900 km and plays an important role in the irrigation and transportation. It emptied into the Bay of Bengal.

Indus River: The Indus River is a historically famous in Asia. It originated from the Tibetan Plateau, and then flows through the Ladakh then entered into Pakistan and finally merge into the Arabian Sea after travelling a distance of 3180 km.

Mahanadi River: Mahanadi is a major river in the state of Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Mahanadi’s water is used in the irrigation and drinking purpose, it is also called the ruin of Orissa due its devastating floods over the years but till Hirakud Dam was constructed. Its total length is 858 km.

Godavari: Godavari is the longest river in the southern India and 2nd largest in India after Ganga. It is originated from Maharashtra and flows through Andhra Pradesh, then merges into the Bay of Bengal after travelling a distance of 1465 km.

Krishna: The 3rd longest river in India after Ganga and Godavari, Krishna River which is originated from Mahabaleswar in Maharashtra and flows through the state of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and finally merges into the Bay of Bengal by travelling a distance of 1400 km.

Kaveri: The Kaveri River is one of the large rivers in India which is originated from Talakaveri in the Western Ghats of Karnataka and flows through the states of Karnataka & Tamilnadu, finally merges into Bay of Bengal by travelling a distance of 765 km.

Narmada: Narmada River is the 5th Longest in the Indian sub-continent. It is also called the Life line of Madhya pradesh due to its huge contributions. Narmada River is originated from Narmada Kund, Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh and merges into the Arabian Sea near Gujarat after travelling a distance of 1312 km.

Tapti: Tapti River is one of the major rivers in Central India. Its total length is around 724 km which flows through the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra and finally merges into the Gulf of Cambay of Arabian Sea near Gujarat.

Rivers

Origin

Place

Direction

Join

Indus

Kailash

Tibet

North to West

Arabian sea

Ganga

Gangotri

Uttarakhand

North to East

Bay of Bengal

Yamuna

Yamunotri

Uttarakhand

North to East

Bay of Bengal

Narmadha

Amarkantak

Madhya Predesh

Central India to West

Arabian Sea

Krishna

Mahabaleshwar

Maharastra

West to East

Bay of Bengal

Tapti

Betul

Madhya Predesh

Central India to West

Arabian Sea

Cauvery

Koodagu Hills

Karnataka

West to East

Bay of Bengal

Thamirabarani

Agathiyar Hills

Tamilnadu

West to East

Bay of Bengal

Godavari

Nasik hills

Maharastra

West to East

Bay of Bengal

Periyar

Cardomom hills

Kerela

West to East

Bay of Bengal

Mahanadhi

Sihawa Mountain

Chhatisgarh

Central India to East

Bay of Bengal

Brahmaputra

Mansarover (Himalayas)

Tibet

North to East

Bay of Bengal

Vaigai

Periyar Plateau

Tamilnadu

West to East

Bay of Bengal

Chambal

Vindhyas

Madhya Pradesh

Central India to North

Yamuna (Bay of Bengal)

Luni

Pushkar Valley

Rajasthan

Central India to West

Arabian sea

Sabarmati

Aravalli Range

Rajasthan

Central India to West

Arabian sea

 

List of Rivers and Their Tributaries

River

Tributaries

Indus

Jhelum, Chenab, Rabi/Ravi, Beas Sutlej

Jhelum

Kishanganga

Ravi

Budhil, Nai or Dhona, Seul, Ujh

Ganga

Ramganga, Gomti, Ghagghar, Gandak, Kosi, Mahannda, Yamuna, Son, Damodar

Yamuna

Chambal, Sindh, Betwa, Ken, Tons, Sharda

Chambal

Banas, Kali Sindh, Shipra, Parbati, Mej

Brahmaputra/

Dihang/Tsangpo

Dibang, Lohit, Dhansiri, Subansiri, Manas, Tista

Mahanadi

Seonath, Hasdeo, Jonk, Mand, Ib, Ong, Tel

Damodar

Barakar, Konar

Narmada

Kolar, Dudhi, Hiran, Bhukhi, Tawa

Tapti

Purna, Girna, Panzhara, Bori, Aner

Godavari/

Vriddh Ganga

Indravati, Manjira, Bindusara, Sarbari, Penganga, Pranahita

Krishna

Tungabhadra, Ghataprabha, Bhima, Vedavati, Koyna, Warna, Dindi, Musi, Dudhganga

Cauvery/Kaveri/

Dakshin Ganga

Kabini, Hemavathi, Simsha, Arkavathi, Lakshaman Tirtha, Noyyal, Amaravati

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